Amnesty International presented its 2025-2026 annual report yesterday in Dakar on Tuesday.

In this report, the organization is concerned by the observed violations of economic and social rights. In a global context marked by climate change, economic crises and protracted conflicts are on the rise.

According to Amnesty International, these difficulties are not merely temporary. They are amplified by the structural imbalances of the global economic system, dominated by institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

Amnesty believes that this system is no longer suited to current realities and contributes to widening inequalities between rich and low-income countries.

 

One of the major factors highlighted by the report is the increasing debt of states. Under the effect of inflation and rising interest rates, many low- and middle-income countries find themselves unable to invest in essential services such as health, education, and social protection.

In addition, there is a tax system deemed unfair, marked by significant tax evasion practiced by certain multinationals and large fortunes, depriving states of crucial resources.

 

In the document, Amnesty International also criticizes the reduction of official development assistance by several wealthy countries. Budget cuts, particularly those implemented by the United States and some European countries, have had direct consequences for the most vulnerable populations. In several countries, health programs have been disrupted or even halted, limiting access to life-saving treatments.

The report also highlights that nearly 300 million people worldwide are currently in urgent need of humanitarian assistance. In countries like Haiti, Sudan, South Sudan, and Yemen, hunger has reached critical levels, affecting a significant portion of the population.

These findings come as the United Nations warns of the delay in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Only 35% of the targets are on track, while a significant proportion show insufficient progress or even regression.

In light of this situation, Amnesty International is calling for structural reforms. The organization specifically supports the ongoing negotiations for an international tax convention under the auspices of the United Nations, which would aim to combat tax evasion and guarantee sufficient resources to fund human rights.

Finally, the report stresses the urgent need for debt relief for the most vulnerable countries and calls on the richest states to dedicate at least 0.7% of their gross national income to international aid.